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英語動詞時態用法歸納：過去將來時

一、基本結構

would+動詞原形。

二、基本用法

(1) 表示從過去某一時間來看將要發生的事情。常用于賓語從句中。如：

He said he would come. 他說他要來。

He told us he would go with us. 他告訴我們他會和我們一起去。

They were sure that they would win. 他們堅信他們會贏。

【注】在一定的語境中也可于其他從句或句子中：

It was a problem whether they would support us. 他們是否會支持我們還是一個問題。

It was six o’clock. The sun would soon set. 這時是六點鐘。太陽即將落山。

(2) 過去將來時常可用來表示過去習慣性的動作。如:

Whenever he had time, he would help his mother with the housework. 他一有時間就幫媽媽做家務活。

(3) 還可用來表示愿望或傾向。如：

He told me that the machine wouldn’t work. 他告訴我機器開不動。

We knew that he would never permit such a thing. 我們知道他決不會允許發生這樣的事。

三、過去將來時間的幾種常見表達方式

(1) was (were) going to+動詞原形。

①表示過去某時準備做某事。如：

Marsha said she was going to have a try. 瑪莎說她準備試試。

He was going to leave when I came in. 我進來時他正要離開。

②was going to有時可表示過去未曾實現的想法或打算。如：

I was going to see you last night, but I was too busy. 我昨晚本想去看你的，但太忙了。

(2) was (were)+不定式。

①表示定于過去某時將要做某事。如：

He told me that we were to leave at 2:30pm.他告訴我我們下午兩點半動身。

He was to meet her at 10 outside the cinema. 他約定和她10點鐘在電影院外見面。

②若表示過去沒有實現或被取消的計劃，則用was (were) to+動詞完成式。如：

We were to have left at 6 last night. 我們本來計劃昨晚6點離開的。

(3)was / were about+不定式在過去正要做某事。如：

I was just about to start when it began to rain. 我正要動身，這是天下起了雨。

The manager was about to leave when his secretary called him back. 經理快要離開時,他的秘書叫住了他。

(4) 用一般過去時表過去將來時。如：

Our teacher told us that school began on September 1. 老師告訴我們九月一號開學。

(5) 用過去進行時表將來時。如：

I didn’t know when you they were coming again.

(6) was (were) due to表示定于過去某時將要做某事。如：

They were due to leave at ten o’clock. 他們定于十點出發。