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情態動詞will與would的用法歸納

1. 表示意愿

will 表示現在的意愿，would表示過去的意愿。如：

I will bring it tomorrow. 我明天會把它帶來。

We will not go there again. 我們不會再去那里。

He asked if I would go to the cinema with him. 他問我是否愿同他一起去看電影。

If you will allow me, I will see you home. 如果你同意，我可以送你回家。

If you will come, we will be glad. 假如你能來的話，我們就會很高興。

2. 表示征求意見或提出請求

will和would均可用，主要用于第二人稱的疑問句中，would此時并不表過去，而表示委婉語氣。如：

Will / would you please tell me the way to the post office? 請告訴去郵局的路好嗎?

Will / Won’t you have some tea? 你喝點茶，好嗎？

You wouldn’t have the time to phone him, would you? 你現在沒有那么多時間給他打電話是吧？

would有時與like, love, hate, prefer, be glad, be happy等連用，用于提出建議或邀請。如：

Would you like some cake or biscuit? 你要吃點蛋糕還是餅干?

I’d like / love a coffee. 我倒想喝杯咖啡。

I would hate you to think I was criticizing you. 我可不愿意讓你覺得我是在批評你。

3. 表示習慣和傾向性

will表示現在，would表示過去。如：

A bear will not touch a dead body. 熊通常不碰死尸。

Fish will die out of water. 魚離開水就不能活。

This door won’t open. 這扇門打不開。

He will sit for hours without saying a word. 他經常一坐數小時而不發一言。

She would lose the key! 她總是把鑰匙弄丟了。

When he was a child, he would often go skiing. 他小時候經常去滑雪。

He told me the box wouldn’t open. 他告訴我箱子打不開了。

4. 表示推測

will用于推測現在，would用于推測過去，也可用于推測現在，語氣較委婉。如：

This bus will hold 40 people. 這輛大客車可以坐40人。

The teacher will be over fifty. 老師的年齡大概過五十了吧？

That would be in 1978, I think. 我看這事發生在1978年。

That would be her father. 這大概是他媽。

有時will / would+完成式，表示對過去可能已經發生的情況的推測。如：

He will have heard the news. 他已經聽到那消息了吧。

I thought you would have finished it by now. 我想你現在可能已經做完了吧。

6. 表示執意或決心

will表示現在，would表示過去。如：

He will have his own way. 他堅持要一意孤行。

I won't have you say such things. 我可不許你說這樣的話。

He would do it, though I told him not to. 雖然我叫他不要做，可是他偏要做。

7. 表示命令、許諾、指示、叮囑等

You will carry out these instructions and report back this afternoon. 你要執行這些指示并在今天下午報告執行情況。

Will you be quiet! 安靜點兒！

You will have your share. 你會得到你那一份的。

8. would用于評論某一特定的行為

That’s just what he would say. 他就是愛說這種話。

It would rain on the day we choose for a picnic! 我們哪天去野餐，哪天就準下雨！

9．would表示過去反復發生的動作

Now and then he would come to see me. 他時不時來看我。

We would play catch here. 我們以前常在這兒玩捉球游戲。

10. would用于虛擬條件句

If I had money, I would go abroad. 假如我有錢我定會到國外去。

If he had been there, he would have helped you. 假如他那時在場，他定會幫助你的。