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常用詞charge的用法與搭配

1. 用作名詞，注意以下用法：

(1) 表示“收費”“費用”等，是可數(shù)名詞。如：

An additional charge is made for heavy bags. 重的行李要額外收費。

Does my bill include a service charge? 我的賬單包括服務(wù)費了嗎？

有時雖然用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但并不表示明顯的復(fù)數(shù)概念。如：

His charges are very reasonable. 他要的價錢很公道。

Children under 16 are exempt from prescription charges. 16歲以下的兒童免付處方費。

What is the charge in the hotel?=What are the charges in the hotel? 這旅館收費多少？

但是，在free of charge（免費）這一習(xí)語中，charge為不可數(shù)名詞，其前不用冠詞，本身也不用復(fù)數(shù)。如：

We get medical care free of charge. 我們享受公費醫(yī)療。

All goods are delivered free of charge. 一切物品免費送貨。

(2) 表示“負(fù)責(zé)”“管理”“照管”等，為不可數(shù)名詞，尤其用于have charge of, in charge (of), in [under] one’s charge, take charge of等慣用表達，注意其中均不帶冠詞。如：

Doctors have charged of sick people. 醫(yī)生負(fù)責(zé)照顧病人。

She has two classes in charge. 她負(fù)責(zé)兩個班。

Who is in charge of this work? 誰負(fù)責(zé)這項工作？

Your mother left you in my charge. 你的母親讓我來照管你。

The department was badly organized until she took charge of it. 這個部門在她負(fù)責(zé)以前組織工作做得很差。

下面兩句意思基本相同：

He left an assistant in charge of the shop. 他留下一店員照管店鋪。

He left the shop in an assistant’s charge. 他把店鋪交付給一店員照料。

注意in [under] the charge of這一搭配，它表示“在……的管理之下”。比較下面兩句（有the表被動，無the表主動）：

Mr Green is in charge of this factory.(www.52ysedu.com)

=This factory is in the charge of Mr Green.

這個工廠由格林先生負(fù)責(zé)。

(3) 表示“控告”，是可數(shù)名詞。如：

They made a charge against the boss. 他們控告老板。

He was arrested on a charge of murder. 他因謀殺罪被逮捕。

The opposition was quick to reply to the charge. 反對黨很快對指控做出回答。

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