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警惕做英語時(shí)態(tài)題的五個(gè)誤區(qū)

一、忽略題干語境

近年來，高考英語的時(shí)態(tài)考題特別注重利用題干本身所提供的語境進(jìn)行考查。如果同學(xué)們?cè)谧鲱}時(shí)，只顧理解填空處的句意，而忽略對(duì)上下文語境的連貫理解，則可能步入命題人設(shè)計(jì)的陷阱。如：

1. I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I _________ to half a dozen other groups. (湖南卷)

A. was giving                                      B. am giving

C. had given                                      D. have given

【解析】許多同學(xué)可能會(huì)簡(jiǎn)單地根據(jù)前面的was giving而誤選A。但事實(shí)上，此題提供的語境是：我當(dāng)時(shí)正在給一群人作報(bào)告，這個(gè)報(bào)告我曾給其他若干批人講過。由于was giving為過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，而“曾給其他若干批人講過”顯然發(fā)生在was giving這一過去時(shí)間之前，故用過去完成時(shí)，即答案選C。

2. Father _________D__ for London on business upon my arrival, so I didn’t see him. (福建卷)

A. has left                 B. left                       C. was leaving           D. had left

【解析】若單獨(dú)看Father _________ for London on business upon my arrival這一句，則答案選C或D均可。但是，若結(jié)合后面的so I didn’t see him，則答案只能選D。因?yàn)椋�既然“我沒有見到他”用了過去時(shí)態(tài)，那么“父親離開”就肯定屬于“過去的過去”，故要用過去完成時(shí)。

二、濫用時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)

英語時(shí)態(tài)在許多情況都是前后呼應(yīng)的，即上文所用的某種時(shí)態(tài)與下文所用的某種時(shí)態(tài)存在一定的關(guān)聯(lián)性。正確地運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)本來也是一種做時(shí)態(tài)題的技巧，但是，如果不加理解地濫用它，則會(huì)適得其反。如：

1. I _________ in London for many years, but I’ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China. (重慶卷)

A. lived                                                    B. was living　

C. have lived                                             D. had lived

【解析】許多同學(xué)一看到后面的have never regretted為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，同時(shí)選項(xiàng)C也是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，結(jié)果濫用時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，將答案誤選C。其實(shí)，此題的最佳答案是A。句中but后的句子告訴我們，說話者現(xiàn)在已搬回了上海，所以他住在倫敦應(yīng)屬于過去的事情，故應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。

2. He was hoping to go abroad but his parents _________ that they won’t support him unless he can borrow money from the bank. (湖北卷)

A. were deciding       B. have decided         C. decided                D. will decide

【解析】有的同學(xué)一看到句中的was hoping，便想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為答案是A或C。其實(shí)，此題的最佳答案是B，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示目前決定“已經(jīng)”作出。其實(shí)，假若此處填過去時(shí)態(tài)，它與其后賓語從句中的won’t, can也自相矛盾，故應(yīng)排除。

三、忽略簡(jiǎn)單時(shí)態(tài)的特殊用法

有的考題從表面上看是考查某種很簡(jiǎn)單的時(shí)態(tài)，但命題人有可能是考查這種簡(jiǎn)單時(shí)態(tài)的某種特殊用法，同學(xué)們做題時(shí)一定要引起高度注意。如：

Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _________. (福建卷)

A. takes off                                              B. is taking off         

C. has taken off                                         D. took off

【解析】此題答案選B，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來意義。The plane is taking off. 的意思是“飛機(jī)馬上就要起飛了”。

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