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11. “What made her struggle _________ an artist so hard?” “_________ she was a woman.”

A. became, 不填     B. to become, 不填  C. become, That     D. to become, That

【分析】此題容易誤選C，想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為第一空應(yīng)填 become (不帶to)，是因?yàn)槠淝坝惺挂蹌?dòng)詞 made。其實(shí)，此題應(yīng)選D，在 What made her struggle to become an artist so hard? 一句中，what 是句子主語(yǔ)，made 是謂語(yǔ)，her struggle to become an artist 是賓語(yǔ) (其中的不定式 to become an artist 是修飾her struggle 的定語(yǔ))，so hard 是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。許多同學(xué)誤選C是將 her struggle 看作賓語(yǔ)，而將 become an artist 看作是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，照此分析，so hard 又是什么成分呢？第二空填 That，用以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句 (此 that 不可省略)，其后的謂語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)等被省略，若補(bǔ)充完整，即為 That she was a woman made her struggle to become an artist so hard.

12. _________ doesn’t seem to have been much difficulty in solving the problem.

A. It                        B. That                    C. There                  D. He

許多同學(xué)一看選項(xiàng)便想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為，這是考查形式主語(yǔ) it 的用法，所以便毫不猶豫地選了A。同學(xué)們仔細(xì)想想看，假若此題選形式主語(yǔ) it，那么真正的主語(yǔ)在哪兒呢？沒有。其實(shí)，此題應(yīng)選C，屬 there be 句型一種比較復(fù)雜的表現(xiàn)形式，請(qǐng)看下面幾個(gè)句子，它們均屬there be 句型，但結(jié)構(gòu)一個(gè)比一個(gè)復(fù)雜：

There is much difficulty in solving the problem.

There seems to be much difficulty in solving the problem.

There seems to have been much difficulty in solving the problem.

There doesn’t seem to have been much difficulty in solving the problem.

以下各句用的是否是 there be句型，你看得出來(lái)嗎?（答案均選B）

(1) There is going to _________ a class meeting tonight

A. have                     B. be                        C. do                        D. attend

(2) _________ used to be a big tree in front of the old house.

A. It                         B. There                   C. They                    D. That

(3) _________ happened to be a foreign teacher there.

A. It                         B. There                   C. They                    D. That

(4) There seems to _________ a storm soon.

A. have                     B. be                        C. fall                       D. blow

(5) _________ have been many such accidents here recently.

A. It                         B. There                   C. They                    D. We

(6) There must have _________ something wrong with the machine.

A. gone                    B. been                     C. had                      D. done

(7) _________ is said to be no life on the moon.

A. It                         B. There                   C. That                     D. He

13. Not far from the school there was a garden, _________ owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon.

A. its                       B. whose                  C. which                  D. that

【分析】此題很容易誤選B，許多同學(xué)會(huì)認(rèn)為句中逗號(hào)后是一個(gè)非限制性的定語(yǔ)從句，whose 在定語(yǔ)從句中用作定語(yǔ)修飾其后的名詞 owner。此分析從表面上看，似乎天衣無(wú)縫，但實(shí)質(zhì)上是錯(cuò)的，原因是空格后根本不是一個(gè)句子，因?yàn)闆]有謂語(yǔ)。盡管句中有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，但它們都是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。也許有的同學(xué)認(rèn)為，其中的 seated 可視為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但是注意，seat 用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，它總是及物的，其后要么接賓語(yǔ)，要么它就用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以若在 seated 前加上助動(dòng)詞 is，則可以選擇B（當(dāng)然若將 seated 改為 sitting，也應(yīng)選擇B）。所以此題最佳答案選A。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏匆粋�(gè)類似的例子：

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