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動(dòng)詞 insist 的用法與語法

1. 表示“堅(jiān)持”“主張”等，可及物或不及物。用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其后通常只接 that 從句作賓語，而不能接名詞或代詞作賓語，也不能接不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。如：

誤：He insisted his demand.

誤：She insisted paying [to pay] for herself.

但是若其后接有介詞 on 或 upon, 則可后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞。如：

He insisted on his demand. 他堅(jiān)持他的要求。

She insisted on paying for herself. 她堅(jiān)持要付她自己的那一份錢。

2. 其后可接 that-從句，但要根據(jù)意思的不同而分清兩種情況：

(1) 表示“堅(jiān)持要”“一定要”，從句所指的一般是尚未實(shí)現(xiàn)的事實(shí)，此時(shí)謂語通常用虛擬語氣（即should+動(dòng)詞原形），而且引導(dǎo)詞that 一般不省略（尤其是當(dāng)已經(jīng)省略 should 時(shí)）。如：

The detective insisted that he should have a look. 警探堅(jiān)持要查看。

I insisted that he (should) go with us. 我堅(jiān)持要他和我們一塊兒去。

(2) 表示“堅(jiān)持說”“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”，從句所指的通常是已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事或已存在的狀態(tài)，謂語一般用陳述語氣，引導(dǎo)詞 that 可省略。如：

He still insisted he wasn’t there at the time. 他仍然堅(jiān)持說他當(dāng)時(shí)不在那兒。

John insisted that he heard somebody in the house. 約翰堅(jiān)持說他聽到房子里有人。

比較下面的句子：

He insists that she is careful. 他力言她是小心的。

He insists that she should be careful. 他堅(jiān)持要她小心。

He insisted that he was not ill, but the doctor insisted that he should take the medicine. 他堅(jiān)持說他沒有病，但醫(yī)生卻堅(jiān)持要他服藥。

3. 不要受漢語的影響，在其后接用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：

他一定要我們收下這些禮物。

誤：He insisted us to accept these gifts.(www.52ysedu.com)

正：He insisted on us [our] accepting these gifts.

正：He insisted that we (should) accept these gifts.

正：He insisted on it that we (should) accept these gifts.