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二、afraid的搭配

1. be [feel, look, seem, sound, become, grow] afraid。例如：

She whispered (to me) that she felt very afraid. 她小聲(對我)說她覺得很害怕。

2. make sb afraid。例如：

What has made you so deeply afraid of your boss?

3. a little(Am.E) [a bit(Am.E), a little bit(Am.E), almost, awfully, deadly(Am.E), deathly(Am.E), deeply, desperately, extremely, genuinely, half, just, mortally, much, physically, rather, really, secretly, slightly, simply, suddenly, terribly, truly, very, very much] afraid。例如：

She was tense, almost afraid to open the letter.  她很緊張，幾乎不敢打開信。

He was half afraid to look at her. 他有點不敢看她。

You do know, don't you? You are just afraid to tell me. 你確實知道，不是嗎？ 你只是不敢告訴我。

■注：有的語法專著認為very不能修飾afraid；只有 much 或very much才可修飾afraid。例如：Michael Swan著Practical English Usage (International Student’s Edition Eighth impression 2002)p28:

We often use very much instead of very before afraid, especially when I’m afraid means ‘I’m sorry to tell you’. 在afraid前面，經常用very much，而不單用very。如果I’m afraid 用來表示I’m sorry to tell you，尤其如此。

但實際上，現在英美語中都能用very 修飾afraid。

(1) 在BNC(英國國家語料庫http: / / www.natcorp.ox.ac.uk)

和BUY-BNC BRTISH NATIONAL CORPUS (UK,1980s-1993) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University ) http: / / corpus.byu.edu / bnc / 上共有26 例 very afraid

(2)在BYU: THE OXFORD ENGLISH DICTIONARY

(http: / / corpus.byu / oed / )上共有1例very afraid

(3) 在BUY CORPUS OF AMERICAN ENGLISH (1990-2008) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University)

http: / / www.americancorpus.org / 上共有189例very afraid

(4) 在TIME CORPUS OF AMERICAN ENGLISH (1923-2006) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University ) (http: / / corpus.byu.edu / time)上共有12例very afraid

4. afraid for...。例如：

He is afraid for his own safety. 他擔心自己的安全。

5. afraid of。例如：

Charlie is afraid of marriage. 查理害怕結婚。

6. afraid about。例如：

He is afraid about what will happen.他擔心將來發生的事。

7. nothing to be afraid of 沒什么可害怕的。例如：

Go ahead! There's nothing to be afraid of. 干吧！沒有什么可怕的。

8. be afraid of one's own shadow(= be very timid) 很膽小; 非常膽怯。例如：

He had noticed that the horse was afraid of his own shadow. 他已經注意到這匹馬很膽小。

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