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含有定語(yǔ)從句的一系列難題

■請(qǐng)看下面的題：

How happy we are! The holiday we have been looking forward _______ at last.

A. to has come                                    B. to have come

C. to having come                                D. has come

【分析】其實(shí)正確答案是A。大家知道，短語(yǔ) look forward to意為“盼望”，其中的 to 是介詞，而不是不定式符號(hào)，所以后接動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞，許多同學(xué)據(jù)此便選擇了C。但問(wèn)題是，句中介詞 to 的賓語(yǔ)不是have come，而是the holiday。正解的句子分析是：the holiday為句子主語(yǔ)，we have been looking forward to 是修飾主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句(介詞 to 的賓語(yǔ)是引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞 that，被省略)，has come 是句子謂語(yǔ)。

請(qǐng)做以下類似試題：

■The man you referred to _____ just now.

A. comes                                           B. come

C. coming                                          D. came

【分析】答案選 D，句子主語(yǔ)為 the man，you referred to 為修飾 the man 的定語(yǔ)從句，空白處填 came，為句子謂語(yǔ)。

■The theory he sticks to ______ to be of no use in our studies.

A. proves                                          B. prove

C. proving                                         D. be proved

【分析】答案選 A，he sticks to 是修飾主語(yǔ) the theory 的定語(yǔ)從句，句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 The theory proves to be of no use in our studies.

■The work he devoted his time to _____ worth praising.

A. was                                             B. be

C. being                                           D. been

【分析】答案選 A，he devoted his time to 是修飾主語(yǔ) the work 的定語(yǔ)從句。句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 The work was worth praising.

■I think this is the very work that we must finish ____ her.

A. to help                                          B. help

C. helping                                          D. helped

【分析】答案是 A。句中空格處填的動(dòng)詞help 并不是 finish 的賓語(yǔ)，正確的句子分析是：that I must finish 是修飾名詞 the very work 的定語(yǔ)從句，finish 的賓語(yǔ)是引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞 that，其后的不定式 to help her 是目的狀語(yǔ)。

■Which do you enjoy ____ your weekend, swimming or fishing?

A. spending                                        B. being spent

C. spend                                            D. to spend

【分析】答案選 D。enjoy 的賓語(yǔ)是句首的疑問(wèn)詞 which，不是其后的動(dòng)詞 spending。此題中的 to spend… 用作目的狀語(yǔ)。

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