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談談“介詞+關系代詞”的用法

一、用法說明

介詞+whom只能指人；介詞+ which只能指物。如：

Look, there comes Tom, for whom I have waiting for an hour. 瞧，湯姆來啦，我等他等了一個小時。

Last Saturday evening, I went to Wu Dong’s birthday party, in which I met a foreigner named Jim. 上周星期六的晚上我去參加了吳東的生日聚會，在會上我會到了一個叫吉姆的外國人。

She came into the house, on whose wall there was a portrait of Einstein. 她進入了房間，房子的墻壁上有一張愛因斯坦的畫像。

二、注意事項

(1) 有時，前面的介詞可移到定語從句的中間或后面，此時whom可用who, that代替；which可以用that代替。而且who, whom, which, that都可省略。如：

The man with whom you talked just now is our manager. —The man who you talked with just now is our manager. 你剛才與他談話的那個人就是我們的經理。

He handed me a pen, with which I wrote down my address for him. —He handed me a pen, which I wrote down my address with for him. 他遞給我一支鋼筆，我就用那支鋼筆給他寫下了我的地址。

(2) 當先行詞是時間、地點、原因從句時，介詞+ which一般在定語從句中分別做時間、地點、原因狀語，于是介詞+ which可以分別用when, where, why代替。但若介詞+ which不是作時間、地點、原因狀語，則不能用when, where, why代替。如：

Last week, I visited Shanghai, in which I have made several friends. —Last week, I visited Shanghai, where I have made several friends. 上周我參觀了上海，在那兒我叫上幾個朋友。

I will remember the day forever on which I won the first place in the contest. —I will remember the day forever when I won the first place in the contest. 我將永遠記住我在競賽中獲得第一名的那一天。

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